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& Aronson, J
The mitochondrial NAD + pool, with a higher concentration (~250500 M), is an independent source since the mitochondrial membrane is impermeable to NAD + and NADH
A side effect of this reaction is that intracellular NAD + levels increase.[7,8] Upregulation of the pathway that induces NQO1 occurs in calorie restriction and appears to be an important component of producing the benefits.[9,10] Cells maintain much higher amounts of the NAD molecule as NAD + , with an estimated 90% of NAD content in uncomplexed proteins being as oxidized NAD + .[11,12] The reason cellular NAD + is maintained at such a high ratio is thought to be because of its role in several epigenetic transcriptional processes (i.e., processes that regulate how genes respond to the environment)
The reduced form is also referred to as L-glutathione
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